Internet Protocol Analysis/Name Resolution/Quiz

The

file is a computer file used in an operating system to map hostnames to IP addresses.

The hosts file contains lines of text consisting of

.

Comments in the hosts file are indicated by

.

The location of the hosts file on Windows systems is

.

The

file may be used to define any hostname or domain name for use by the local system.

The hosts file represents

for malicious software.

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a

for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network.

The Domain Name System

the responsibility of assigning domain names and mapping those names to IP addresses.

name servers are assigned to be responsible for their particular domains, and in turn can assign other

name servers for their sub-domains.

A domain name consists of one or more parts, technically called

, that are concatenated and delimited by

.

The hierarchy of domains within a domain name descends from

to

.

Each label in a domain name may contain up to

characters. The full domain name may not exceed a total length of

characters.

Common DNS record types include

(address),

(IPv6 address),

(canonical or alias name),

(mail exchange),

(name server),

(pointer),

(start of authority), and

(text).

A

query is one in which the DNS server provides a record for a domain for which it is authoritative itself, or it provides a partial result without querying other servers.

A

query is one for which the DNS server will fully answer the query (or give an error) by querying other name servers as needed.

Caching DNS servers cache DNS queries and perform recursive queries to

.

A reverse lookup is a query of the DNS for

using the IPv4 domain

or the IPv6 domain

, and reverse lookup IP addresses are specified in

order.

Link Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) is a protocol based on the Domain Name System (DNS) packet format that allows both IPv4 and IPv6 hosts to

.

LLMNR responders listen on UDP port

on IPv4 address

and IPv6 address

.

NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT) is a networking protocol that allows

.

NetBIOS provides three distinct services:

,

, and

.

NetBIOS is a legacy protocol used to support computers and applications that predate

and do not support

.

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