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I have disks /dev/sda & /dev/sdb. The /dev/sdb is my internal backup drive.

The partitions on sdb were set up by dd-ing the corresponding sda partitions, so I presume that is why blkid shows the UUIDs on sdb are the same as the corresponding partitions on sda.

Though fstab says 

/dev/sda3  /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

mount says

/dev/sdb3 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)

This situation leaves me with no backup.

What to do?

......................................

@oldfred - Thank you for your help. However... I did tune2fs /dev/sda3 -U uuid... for all the /dev/sd* partitions, edited fstab to use the UUIDs (from blkid), rebooted, & still have the sdb3 backup of sda3 mounted after reboot.

[root:/home/rbf]# blkid | egrep -e 'sd.3'
/dev/sda3: UUID="c8c5991e-44f4-11e8-9876-4061864bb8d0" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="000d55c4-03"
/dev/sdb3: UUID="861f07b1-621f-459d-bdf1-0b4ef334b0f5" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="000d55c4-03"

[root:/home/rbf]# grep c8c5991e-44f4-11e8-9876-4061864bb8d0 /etc/fstab #sda3
UUID=c8c5991e-44f4-11e8-9876-4061864bb8d0 /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

[root:/home/rbf]# mount | egrep -e '/dev/sd.3'
/dev/sdb3 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)

On backup tools, I currently use the venerable cp command to back up, because it's old & I understand it (like myself).

mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1
cp -pdfuR /boot/* /mnt/sdb1

etc. Do you see a problem with this (other than the growth in the target)?

Richard Fuchs
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    You cannot have duplicate UUIDs. System may sometimes mount one or the other depending which drive BIOS/system brings up to speed first. You must change UUID of one or the other. Best to not use dd for backup. Use rsync or one of the many other tools. http://askubuntu.com/questions/2596/comparison-of-backup-tools – oldfred Apr 19 '18 at 02:35
  • I'm not sure if it matters, but the PARTUUID's of the partitions are also the same. – mook765 Apr 22 '18 at 21:27

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