Don't use wine
because the instructions from Microsoft provide details for installing using Linux without it. Also, the Wine HQ entry for that app rates it as "Garbage", meaning it uses features not yet supported by wine
.
Instead follow the instructions for adding their Ubutun repository and installing the software:
wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "$(wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2017.list)"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mssql-server
However, be aware this is installing the 2017 version of Microsoft SQL Server, not the 2008 version, if that matters. If for some reason you need that specific (old) version of SQL Server you'll need to install VirtualBox and run Windows within it.