Slow startup 19.10 on HDD?

Question

[edit] I just realized that Ubuntu didn't installed on SSD - I just assumed it did.

I have installed Ubuntu 19.10 on HDD of Dell Inspirion following this instruction https://askubuntu.com/a/1127541/1022455

Windows on SSD startups in ~16s and Ubuntu ~55s.

$ systemd-analyze time
Startup finished in 3.204s (kernel) + 1min 18.943s (userspace) = 1min 22.147s 
graphical.target reached after 1min 18.837s in userspace

$ systemd-analyze blame
         52.979s plymouth-quit-wait.service
         14.469s dev-sda3.device
         10.106s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
          9.651s networkd-dispatcher.service
          9.650s systemd-journal-flush.service
          9.455s snapd.service
          8.486s ModemManager.service
          7.680s udisks2.service
          7.272s accounts-daemon.service
          6.186s dev-loop0.device
          5.571s grub-common.service
          5.399s secureboot-db.service
          5.328s apport.service
          4.636s NetworkManager.service
          4.561s switcheroo-control.service
          4.559s rsyslog.service
          4.555s grub-initrd-fallback.service
          4.554s thermald.service
          4.551s bluetooth.service
          4.505s plymouth-read-write.service
          4.496s dev-loop4.device
          4.342s avahi-daemon.service
          3.942s systemd-logind.service
          3.940s gpu-manager.service
          3.935s pppd-dns.service
          3.640s apparmor.service
          3.623s wpa_supplicant.service
          3.601s dev-loop2.device
          3.367s dev-loop5.device
          3.101s e2scrub_reap.service
          3.055s dev-loop3.device
          3.031s dev-loop1.device
          3.002s dev-loop6.device
          2.816s systemd-resolved.service
          2.552s systemd-udevd.service
          2.152s plymouth-start.service
          1.692s gdm.service
          1.624s packagekit.service
          1.515s polkit.service
          1.011s systemd-backlight@leds:dell::kbd_backlight.service
           744ms systemd-modules-load.service
           674ms systemd-rfkill.service
           642ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
           639ms systemd-timesyncd.service
           619ms upower.service
           615ms systemd-sysusers.service
           586ms systemd-sysctl.service
           540ms keyboard-setup.service
           498ms snap-core-7917.mount
           441ms systemd-journald.service
           439ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-3637\x2dAEF4.service
           434ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
           349ms snap-core18-1223.mount
           332ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-71.mount
           319ms snapd.seeded.service
           307ms systemd-random-seed.service
           303ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1353.mount
           300ms snap-gnome\x2dlogs-81.mount
           278ms snap-gnome\x2dcharacters-317.mount
           264ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
           260ms ufw.service
           232ms snap-gnome\x2dcalculator-501.mount
           232ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
           229ms systemd-user-sessions.service
           211ms systemd-remount-fs.service
           203ms colord.service
           180ms user@1000.service
           159ms dev-mqueue.mount
           122ms systemd-update-utmp.service
           118ms kerneloops.service
           104ms openvpn.service
           100ms setvtrgb.service
            87ms rtkit-daemon.service
            81ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
            81ms kmod-static-nodes.service
            79ms dev-hugepages.mount
            63ms boot-efi.mount
            23ms snapd.socket
            21ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
            17ms console-setup.service
             9ms user-runtime-dir@1000.service
             2ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
             1ms sys-kernel-config.mount

$ systemd-analyze critical-chain
The time when unit became active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit took to start is printed after the "+" character.

graphical.target @51.809s
└─multi-user.target @51.809s
  └─kerneloops.service @38.653s +213ms
    └─network-online.target @38.622s
      └─NetworkManager-wait-online.service @27.210s +11.411s
        └─NetworkManager.service @21.074s +6.118s
          └─dbus.service @21.071s
            └─basic.target @20.653s
              └─sockets.target @20.653s
                └─snapd.socket @20.652s +755us
                  └─sysinit.target @20.605s
                    └─cryptsetup.target @20.590s
                      └─systemd-ask-password-wall.path @2.550s
                        └─-.mount @2.548s
                          └─system.slice @2.548s
                            └─-.slice @2.548s

I went thru suggeste links and below are results

thanks for your help. I think the first link is not same issue, there is no apt-daily in my startup process.

turned off swap (I have 16GB of RAM, and default swap was 1GB)

$ systemd-analyze time
Startup finished in 3.352s (kernel) + 51.883s (userspace) = 55.236s 
graphical.target reached after 51.809s in userspace

sudo apt autoremove --purge snapd

$ systemd-analyze time
Startup finished in 3.325s (kernel) + 45.791s (userspace) = 49.117s 
graphical.target reached after 45.708s in userspace

edit journal by: https://askubuntu.com/a/1094543/1022455

$ systemd-analyze time
Startup finished in 3.536s (kernel) + 41.438s (userspace) = 44.974s 
graphical.target reached after 41.373s in userspace

Don't know if there is anything more worth dooing? What is the expected boot time of Ubuntu? It still turns on slower than ubuntu

[edit] Updated critical chain

graphical.target @28.709s
└─multi-user.target @28.709s
  └─kerneloops.service @28.554s +153ms
    └─network-online.target @28.552s
      └─NetworkManager-wait-online.service @19.311s +9.240s
        └─NetworkManager.service @14.001s +5.306s
          └─dbus.service @13.994s
            └─basic.target @13.911s
              └─paths.target @13.911s
                └─acpid.path @13.911s
                  └─sysinit.target @13.578s
                    └─systemd-timesyncd.service @12.952s +626ms
                      └─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service @11.804s +1.108s
                        └─systemd-journal-flush.service @3.142s +8.661s
                          └─systemd-journald.service @2.808s +332ms
                            └─syslog.socket @2.806s
                              └─system.slice @2.572s
                                └─-.slice @2.572s

Answer 1

I have answered the question in the post Slow system boot in which i have already listed which service ars safe to disable and how to disable them.