There seem to be two problems. Read from the bottom upwards, the first problem seems that your kernel cannot start properly.
This may be very easy to workaround - simply select another kernel at the GRUB prompt (Alternative method).
The second problem is that you seem to have broken iptables, your system's firewall. This is indeed a problem, as it may prevent your system from booting properly. Happily, it also seems fairy easy to fix IF your system can be booted (see above):
sudo apt install --reinstall iptables
If your system still cannot be booted, then it looks to me that you have two choices:
Boot from a LiveUSB, chroot your system, and then reinstall the iptables package
. This method is NOT for beginners, and makes sense for intermediate/advanced users with a LOT of customizations that they don't want to lose.
Boot from a LiveUSB, backup your data, and reinstall your Ubuntu system. for most newer users, this is going to be faster and easier.
We don't know what you did...but don't do that again.