I might be late to the party, but this might help people with identical problems.
I had exactly the same problem as you. Not only Ubuntu, but Lubuntu, Mint, Zorin, antiX... They all failed to live boot and hanged midway during the boot.
I checked the integrity of the ISO's, tried creating the USB media using DD, all to no avail.
I had been using previous versions of Rufus without problems for years... and that's when it hit me - All these were created using Rufus 3.10, which I hadn't used before.
Just to check, I created a live USB media using balenaEtcher and, sure enough, it worked on the first try.
Tried the other flavors too and they all worked (using the very same ISO's as before).
Something is off with Rufus 3.10...