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Recently when I was trying to update my Ubuntu, I initially used the commands:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Then, I thought my system is full updated (i.e., with system and security updates), but gradually I found that Ubuntu was still prompting for certain updates, and those were actually the system updates. Proceeding, I read some discussions online, and started using,

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get full-upgrade

This also downloaded certain files like:

linux-headers-generic

linux-image-generic

etc.

Yesterday, someone suggested me to use:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt upgrade

instead, since, it was mentioned that, apt-get full-upgrade might cause error and is dangerous, for it can lead to deletion of necessary packages if the package system is "messed-up".

Now, I am a bit confused, and feels like to start over again.

Which command set should I use to get full system and security updates, and what is the actual difference between apt-get full-upgrade and apt upgrade. Is the former shouldn't be really put to use?

kamer_kane
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  • Actually the two set of commands I mentioned are bit different. Need specific clarifications on that. Besides, I've read that article too, but sorry no. – kamer_kane Jul 07 '20 at 06:41
  • Your line sudo apt-get update && sudo apt upgrade contains two commands (the && means the second command is only executed if the first completes without errors) to you might need to clarify which two you mean. The link I selected mentions update, upgrade and dist-upgrade (or full-upgrade in apt usage..) - refer to man or manual pages for exact details on your release, as there is very slight variation on release (more functionality gets added to apt over time, so there is less need for apt-get very slowly) – guiverc Jul 07 '20 at 06:43
  • Carefully analyse the question, it's the difference between apt-get full-upgrade and apt upgrade. – kamer_kane Jul 07 '20 at 06:45
  • refer duplicate - it covers update, upgrade, dist-upgrade & full-upgrade. As stated there is slight variations as apt gets improved over time (ie. release specific), so read man apt for details for your unstated release. Personally I use full-upgrade (or dist-upgrade) unless I have specific reason to limit upgrade to those provided by upgrade – guiverc Jul 07 '20 at 06:46
  • man apt tells me "full-upgrade performs the function of upgrade but will remove currently installed packages if this is needed to upgrade the system as a whole" for my release.. the approximately similar detail found in my duplicate tagged post (variation will exist on release) – guiverc Jul 07 '20 at 06:48
  • apt is a nicer replacement for apt-get. It however is a different tool, which does thing differently. The purpose of the commands is apt-get update is replaced by apt update, apt-get upgrade is replaced by apt upgrade, apt-get dist-upgrade is replaced by apt-get full-upgrade etc... the same options to ease transition, however apt-get still does things apt cannot do, why apt changes with releases... apt is a wrapper that does almost the same as apt-get so you're mixing two different tools in a way that isn't wise!! apt will likely replace apt-get – guiverc Jul 07 '20 at 06:54
  • Refer https://askubuntu.com/questions/445384/what-is-the-difference-between-apt-and-apt-get – guiverc Jul 07 '20 at 06:55
  • ok, just tell me in comments, what should I use. apt upgrade or apt-get full-upgrade. Is that later really dangerous? – kamer_kane Jul 07 '20 at 06:57
  • No it's not dangerous.. It's only a problem for people because they've already damaged their system (like using sudo apt autoremove can mean prior damage becomes readily apparent, though it didn't actually do the damage, it was prior careless commands). Problems if they occur were waiting to happen, and any mistakes were from prior commands in my opinion... – guiverc Jul 07 '20 at 07:00

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