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As the GUI Software Updater is not working, I have been doing via a terminal window within the MATE GUI sudo apt update followed by sudo apt upgrade . A new kernel and kernel "support" packages were installed. This time, when the upgrade requested to clean up a number of supposedly unneeded packages, my Xwindows system failed. From /var/log/apt/history.log I found:

Commandline: apt autoremove
Requested-By: ykarant (1000)
Remove: libnvidia-common-390:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), libnvidia-fbc1-3
90:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), linux-image-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.15.
0-48.54), libnvidia-gl-390:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), nvidia-compute-uti
ls-390:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), libnvidia-encode-390:amd64 (390.154-0u
buntu0.22.04.1), nvidia-utils-390:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), xserver-xor
g-video-nvidia-390:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), libnvidia-ifr1-390:amd64 (
390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), linux-signatures-nvidia-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.1
5.0-48.54), linux-modules-nvidia-390-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.15.0-48.54), li
nux-headers-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.15.0-48.54), libnvidia-decode-390:amd64 
(390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), linux-modules-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.15.0-48.54
), fonts-symbola:amd64 (2.60-1.1), task-desktop:amd64 (3.68ubuntu2), screen-res
olution-extra:amd64 (0.18.2), nvidia-settings:amd64 (510.47.03-0ubuntu1), linux
-modules-extra-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.15.0-48.54), gstreamer1.0-vaapi:amd64 (1.20.1-1ubuntu1), libnvidia-cfg1-390:amd64 (390.154-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), linux-headers-5.15.0-48:amd64 (5.15.0-48.54), linux-objects-nvidia-390-5.15.0-48-generic:amd64 (5.15.0-48.54)
End-Date: 2022-10-18  23:37:26

Is there a mechanism to "reinstall" the above other than hand entering each package into apt install? I have read this question about undoing apt autoremove.

Esther
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  • looks like pretty much your nvidia driver and all of its dependencies were removed. You can try just reinstalling nvidia-driver-390 and reboot (no autoremove, no cleaning unneeded packages) and see if it works. And in the future look at which packages it wants to remove, and don't allow it to remove packages you want. – Esther Oct 19 '22 at 14:44
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    Did you not ask almost the exact same question earlier today? – David Oct 19 '22 at 14:44
  • Any way deleted is deleted you would need to reinstall one at a time but not sure that will work. – David Oct 19 '22 at 14:45
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    From your question "As the GUI Software Updater is not working" what does this mean? – David Oct 19 '22 at 14:47
  • Apt itself does not have an "undo" or history feature. But nala does, which is a more modern front-end to apt. It should be pointed out that nala is still in beta stage. – Artur Meinild Oct 19 '22 at 15:09
  • Esther, When I manually re-installed everything, used the GUI widget shutdown (what appears to be a USA style light switch as rendered to me), and then waited until the last stopping process-name on the scrolling text screen simply hung (n less than k seconds, but n never increased after minutes), held down the power button for a hard power off, power on, wait for the ext4 journal to "rebuild", eventually everything worked. (Separate question: the Ubuntu fresh install defaults to ext4 -- is there any way other than manual formatting during the install to force XFS instead of ext4?) – Yasha Karant Oct 19 '22 at 21:11
  • Artur Meinild, will nala be a default or an option in Ubuntu LTS? Once nala goes to production status, will it interoperate with apt and the GUI Software Updater? – Yasha Karant Oct 19 '22 at 21:13
  • David, the GUI Software Updater as well as the GUI Software and Updates Configuration fail to work on my machine although I have Python 3 installed from Ubuntu. At some point, in some update from some application, the "data structure" file/s used by these got "munged". I will attempt to copy working versions plus such files from another 22.04 machine. – Yasha Karant Oct 19 '22 at 21:16

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