I have two systems, both running Windows 7 64-bit as the host operating system. I did an install of VirtualBox (4.2.10) and Ubuntu 12.10 on both. It worked fine on my Dell desktop, but I got the icon-less screen on my Lenovo laptop. There were other problems on the laptop, such as Compiz crashing, and taking minutes to open a terminal session. After several re-installs and trying various things, I tried installing Ubuntu 12.04 instead. Worked first time with no special tweaks.
Based on this post (https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=51727&start=45) you might have better luck with a different display adapter.
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
before installing the guest additions. – Takkat Feb 18 '13 at 08:11HOST
+F1
. Alternatively boot a root shell for upgrading. – Takkat Feb 18 '13 at 09:03