Try booting with nomodeset in the kernal options - this prevents the graphics driver from starting until the xOrg drivers are loaded, and may solve your issues. This is a temporary procedure (it does not make a permanent change)
At boot time, hold down the right shift key so that the grub boot menu appears.
Press 'e' to edit the Ubuntu boot entry
Use your cursor keys to move to the line that ends with "quiet splash"
Change the "quiet splash" to read "quiet splash nomodeset"
press ctrl+x to boot using the temporary parameters.
If this resolves your issue, you should modify your grub files to match this setup. The easiest way to do this would be to install grub-customizer