Here are some suggestions you could try:
Install the packages preload
and prelink
. Preload monitors which programs you start after login and prefetches the libraries of those into the RAM at login. Prelink profiles where libraries are located, so they will load faster.
Check your Graphics Card driver. If you're using a AMD or nVidia card, you could try a proprietary driver. To get an overview of available proprietary drivers, open Software & Updates, then go to the Additional Drivers tab.*
Turn down the swappiness. The swappiness is the value which defines the tendency to move unused RAM content to the SWAP partition (if any) to free more RAM. Sounds nice, doesn't it? The downside: Swapping is slow. If your computer is swapping all the time, you don't have resources left for your own. The default swappiness is 60, a value far too high on desktop systems. I've turned my swappiness down to 10, but you could even go so far to turn it down to 1, or even disable it by setting 0, if you want to.
To modify the swappiness, open the file /etc/sysctl.conf
in your preferred text editor as root. At the bottom of the file, add the line vm.swappiness = 10
(or any other value you want to have). Ensure that another, empty line follows. Now save and reboot.
To improve boot speed, activate boot profiling. To do this, open the file /etc/default/grub
in your favorite text editor as sudo, and add the word profile
into the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT
argument. It may look like this afterwards: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash profile"
. Now save and quit the text editor. Run sudo update-grub
to load the changes into the boot loader. The next boot will be a bit slower, as the boot profile is being created. Afterwards your computer should boot faster.
If neither of above steps helps, it might be problems with some other component of your computer. Finding out which one will be a tough job... And even if you find out, there is no guarantee that there's a (better) device driver for Linux.
*If you're using a AMD Accelerated CPU, you have to install the fglrx driver in order to let the system manage the CPU speed. Else the CPU will stay at it's lowest possible speed.
edit
your question and add the output oflspci -k
? – Wilf Nov 07 '14 at 21:16