I finally found the guilty package.
My laptop is a Dell Latitude E6330 which has a 12.04 ubuntu preinstalled that I kept updgrading periodically until 14.10 (until the touchpad started freezing).
The xinput --list
relevant output was
⎡ Virtual core pointer id=2 [master pointer (3)]
⎜ ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer id=4 [slave pointer (2)]
⎜ ↳ GlidePoint Virtual Touchpad id=13 [slave pointer (2)]
⎣ Virtual core keyboard id=3 [master keyboard (2)]
I just solved the problem thanks to the answer to this post How to configure glidepoint driver for touchpad?. I just uninstalled the glidepoint
package which, I assume, comes from dell specific repositories http://dell.archive.canonical.com/ which only provides support for LTS versions.
sudo apt-get autoremove glidepoint
After that the touchpad didn't freeze again.
To make sure this kind of problems will not appear again I made a clean install to avoid using packages that might not been updated when upgrading.