My question is similar to this one, except I'm trying to clone my existing Ubuntu installation on a 40GiB external drive to a new partition on an internal drive shared with Windows. I've been running from the external drive for a while and have already setup another user and installed software on the external drive installation. I would now like to move this installation to my internal hard drive. I reran the Ubuntu installer on the internal drive and already have the new ext4 partition with fresh Ubuntu install (maybe an unnecessary step). Now I want the external drive installation copied to that internal drive partition.
My understanding is that, if I want the clone to be bootable, dd can only be used to copy from device to device and not partition to partition, or what I believe I need to do in my case would be device (external USB drive) to partition (ext4 partition on internal drive). Looking at the Clonezilla documentation, it appears to have a similar limitation. So maybe cloning is not what I need to do. I really just want to get the additional user and all updates, changes, and installations copied over to the internal drive installation, so what is the best way to do this?