Here is an instruction (kept as easy as possible) on how to install Ubuntu properly ...
Boot from Ubuntu installation media and highlight Try Ubuntu without installing.
On the live desktop press the Windows key and type GParted into the search field.
Open GParted and reduce the Windows partition if there is no unallocated space.
Create two new partitions and format one with ext4 - the other with linux-swap.
Now start the Ubuntu installer from the desktop and choose Something else.
Select the ext4 partition you have created before and choose /
as mount point.
Select the same disk (e.g. /dev/sda
) on which Windows is installed to install the bootloader
(without a partition number) ... otherwise you won't be able to start into GRUB bootloader ...
Note: In case you have a computer with UEFI:
Boot into BIOS and select Ubuntu to be the default operating system to boot.
Regarding the superuser topic ... read the comment from @ByteCommander :
Sometimes the installer does not correctly detect other already installed systems, but this has nothing to do with the installation wizard running as superuser (root). This is necessary, because otherwise it could not access the disk with enough privileges to e.g. repartition, format or write to the boot sector. [...] - ByteCommander (link to comment)