Add the folder's name to all `.bin` files in that folder

Question

I have spent almost one day and a half searching for this but couldn't find an answer.

I am looking to add the folder's name as a prefix to all files ending with .bin in that folder.

So, if the folder's name is ABC and it contains the files aa.bin, bb.bin, cc.bin, etc. then I need them to be renamed as ABC-aa.bin, ABC-bb.bin, ABC-cc.bin, etc.

Also, this folder ABC has subfolders, let's call them: ABC1, ABC2, ABC3, etc. which also have .bin files. For example ABC1 has aa1.bin, bb1.bin, cc1.bin, etc.

I need that command to go through all folders and append that sub-folder's name to files inside it too. So, aa1.bin will be ABC1-aa1.bin, and so on.

Directory structure:

.
└── ABC
    ├── aa.bin
    ├── ABC1
    │   ├── aa1.bin
    │   └── bb1.bin
    ├── ABC2
    │   ├── aa2.bin
    │   └── bb2.bin
    ├── bb.bin
    └── cc.bin

Answer 1

You can do this by using find, basename, dirname and mv commands. For example like in this simple script:

#!/bin/bash

for f in $(find ABC -name '*.bin'); 
do 
  filename="$(basename $f)" 
  dir="$(dirname $f)"
  lastdir="$(basename $dir)"
  newname="$lastdir-$filename"
  newpath="$dir/$newname"
  mv $f $newpath
done

Here I'm using find to recursively find all .bin files in ABC, then iterate over them and extracting the last folder name. Then the new path is constructed and the file is moved to the same directory but with the new name.

Edit:
In order to execute this script copy its contents to some file. Let's say the filename is renameFiles.sh. Then make it executable:

chmod +x renameFiles.sh

After this you can execute it with ./renameFiles.sh. Notice that the folder where you put this file should be the same where your ABC folder is located.

renameFiles.sh
ABC
  aa.bin
  bb.bin
  ABC1
    aa1.bin
    etc.

Answer 2

Here's a "one-liner" to do, using shell built-ins to manipulate the filenames:

find . -name '*.bin' -exec sh -c 'p="${1%/*}"; f="${1##*/}"; echo mv -- "$1" "$p/${p##*/}-$f"' sh {} \;

Test it in the target directory and remove the echo if the results look correct

e.g. given

$ tree .
.
└── ABC
    ├── aa.bin
    ├── ABC1
    │   ├── aa1.bin
    │   └── bb1.bin
    ├── ABC2
    │   ├── aa2.bin
    │   └── bb2.bin
    ├── bb.bin
    └── cc.bin

3 directories, 7 files

then

$ find . -name '*.bin' -exec sh -c 'p="${1%/*}"; f="${1##*/}"; echo mv -- "$1" "$p/${p##*/}-$f"' sh {} \;
mv -- ./ABC/ABC2/bb2.bin ./ABC/ABC2/ABC2-bb2.bin
mv -- ./ABC/ABC2/aa2.bin ./ABC/ABC2/ABC2-aa2.bin
mv -- ./ABC/aa.bin ./ABC/ABC-aa.bin
mv -- ./ABC/bb.bin ./ABC/ABC-bb.bin
mv -- ./ABC/ABC1/bb1.bin ./ABC/ABC1/ABC1-bb1.bin
mv -- ./ABC/ABC1/aa1.bin ./ABC/ABC1/ABC1-aa1.bin
mv -- ./ABC/cc.bin ./ABC/ABC-cc.bin

looks good, so remove the echo and run it again

$ find . -name '*.bin' -exec sh -c 'p="${1%/*}"; f="${1##*/}"; mv -- "$1" "$p/${p##*/}-$f"' sh {} \;

giving

$ tree .
.
└── ABC
    ├── ABC1
    │   ├── ABC1-aa1.bin
    │   └── ABC1-bb1.bin
    ├── ABC2
    │   ├── ABC2-aa2.bin
    │   └── ABC2-bb2.bin
    ├── ABC-aa.bin
    ├── ABC-bb.bin
    └── ABC-cc.bin

3 directories, 7 files

Answer 3

Using rename:

shopt -s globstar
rename -n '(! -f $_ || ! /.bin$/) && next; $" = "/"; my @f = split("/"); $f[@f-1] =~ s/^/$f[@f-2]-/; $_ = "@f"' **

• shopt -s globstar: If set, the pattern '**' used in a filename expansion context will match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a '/', only directories and subdirectories match.
• rename -n '! -f $_ && next; $" = "/"; my @f = split("/"); $f[@f-1] =~ s/^/$f[@f-2]-/; $_ = "@f"' **: performs a dry-run of the following. For each filename resulting from the ** globbing: if the file is not a regular file or the filename doesn't end with .bin, skips to the next filename; sets the output field separator to /; splits the filename on /; prepends the second to last field followed by - to the last field; assigns the new filename to the default variable ($_).

If the result is the expected one, remove the -n option from the rename command.

$ tree
.
└── ABC
    ├── aa.bin
    ├── ABC1
    │   ├── aa1.bin
    │   └── bb1.bin
    ├── ABC2
    │   ├── aa2.bin
    │   └── bb2.bin
    ├── bb.bin
    └── cc.bin

3 directories, 7 files
$ rename -n '(! -f $_ || ! /.bin$/) && next; $" = "/"; my @f = split("/"); $f[@f-1] =~ s/^/$f[@f-2]-/; $_ = "@f"' **
Exiting subroutine via next at (eval 4) line 1.
rename(ABC/aa.bin, ABC/ABC-aa.bin)
Exiting subroutine via next at (eval 4) line 1.
rename(ABC/ABC1/aa1.bin, ABC/ABC1/ABC1-aa1.bin)
rename(ABC/ABC1/bb1.bin, ABC/ABC1/ABC1-bb1.bin)
Exiting subroutine via next at (eval 4) line 1.
rename(ABC/ABC2/aa2.bin, ABC/ABC2/ABC2-aa2.bin)
rename(ABC/ABC2/bb2.bin, ABC/ABC2/ABC2-bb2.bin)
rename(ABC/bb.bin, ABC/ABC-bb.bin)
rename(ABC/cc.bin, ABC/ABC-cc.bin)