So to find the chip installed you need to open a terminal and place this command lspci
. It will give you a long list of all devices your computer uses.
e.g.
03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Advanced-N 6205 [Taylor Peak] (rev 34)
or try this:
sudo lshw -C network
With this information I googled and found immediately a Linux driver. I am not sure, if this also is available for your Chip, but give it a try.
When you already transform your notebook completely, why not try a normal reinstall? The installing routines will find themselves a fitting driver. I got problems back in the days of 2010 but recent Ubuntu releases are very good regarding the driver selection.
Someone else had a similar problem, of course ;-) Google is our friend.
Acer Aspire 5517 / Broadcom BCM4312