None of the programs are going to work by directly copying them over. Instead, you'll want to learn if the software you want to use has versions available to Linux, or if there are alternatives you're can use.
While some of the programs you listed are available for Linux, some of them are not. For example, you will have a hard time getting Photoshop Elements running.
Your best bet is to go to the official website of each software and try to find a Linux installer/download. Otherwise, search the internet for whatever linux
and see if there. If it's not available, or if the solution to get it working seems daunting, try linux alternatives to whatever
.
Even after you figure this out, you will need a plan to pull out the data for each software. Chrome can store configuration in the cloud, but you don't want to lose any Photoshop files you've worked on.
Ubuntu and other Linux distributions often offer a Live CD. This lets you load up Ubuntu and test it out without modifying your current setup. Once you decide you want to go further, you can install it alongside Windows. By doing this, you allow yourself the ability to go back to Windows when needed, and slowly bring down your dependency on Windows. When you have the option of loading one or more operating systems, it's called Dual Booting.