As per the comments on the question, adding the nomodeset
kernel parameter was required to fix the issue.
NB: If you have the same issue when booting your fresh install, then you'll need to follow the steps detailed in my answer here: https://askubuntu.com/a/746104/518562
So you ask, what exactly does this parameter do and why does it fix the black screen issue?
The newest kernels have moved the video mode setting into the kernel.
So all the programming of the hardware specific clock rates and
registers on the video card happen in the kernel rather than in the X
driver when the X server starts.. This makes it possible to have high
resolution nice looking splash (boot) screens and flicker free
transitions from boot splash to login screen. Unfortunately, on some
cards this doesn't work properly and you end up with a black screen.
Adding the nomodeset parameter instructs the kernel to not load video
drivers and use BIOS modes instead until X is loaded.
The above was excerpt from this Ubuntu Forums post.
nomodeset
kernel parameter. – You'reAGitForNotUsingGit Apr 04 '17 at 20:38