In order to install spyder3 package you must first enable the universe repository. Once that step is completed you will be able to install the spyder3 package which currently actually provides 2.3.0 with the following command:
sudo apt-get install spyder3
Note: If you wish to eliminate the spyder2 configuration files as well as the package you may wish to backup to avoid any unintended consequences and then purge the spyder2 package with sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove spyder
To obtain the latest version of spyder (currently 3.1.4)
If you use anaconda:
conda update qt pyqt
conda update spyder
Only If you don't use anaconda
pip install -U spyder
If you use anaconda the pip command could break your installation. This is of small concern if you follow my advice about creating a backup and a potentially large problem if you don't.
Sources:
http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?suite=all§ion=all&arch=any&keywords=spyder3&searchon=names
How do I enable the "Universe" repository?
How can you completely remove a package?
https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder/releases