The easiest way I can think of is to remove their ability to run the program. For example, if you are using google chrome open a terminal window using Ctrl+Alt+T and use:
$ which google-chrome
/usr/bin/google-chrome
$ ll /usr/bin/google-chrome
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Mar 5 2016 /usr/bin/google-chrome -> /etc/alternatives/google-chrome*
$ sudo chmod 700 /usr/bin/google-chrome
At first this appears not to work when we do another ll
but that is because /usr/bin/google-chrome
is a link, to a link, to a link, to a link. We need to follow the links to see it really did work:
$ ll /usr/bin/google-chrome
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Mar 5 2016 /usr/bin/google-chrome -> /etc/alternatives/google-chrome*
$ ll /etc/alternatives/google-chrome
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Mar 5 2016 /etc/alternatives/google-chrome -> /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable*
$ ll /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Aug 1 20:23 /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable -> /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome*
$ ll /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome
-rwx------ 1 root root 2112 Aug 1 20:23 /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome*
Did I say this was the easiest way?... hmmm.
To reverse the changes (short-cutting the link following above) use:
$ sudo chmod 777 /usr/bin/google-chrome
$ ll /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2112 Aug 1 20:23 /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome*
If you have questions on a specific program post them in comments below and I'll try to figure them out for you.