I have installed Ubuntu on a Windows 10 PC, but how do I switch between them? When I start the computer it just starts in Windows automatically as if nothing has happened. I haven't seen any boot menu saying Ubuntu after installing and rebooting.
2 Answers
The easiest thing is go to your bios and set ubuntu as default and when you restart, ubuntu has a grub which shows which os is installed and you can choice one among them so that you dont directly boot into windows

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I am posting this as an answer because there are already 14 comments. First, uefi is the new "bios" - see https://www.howtogeek.com/56958/htg-explains-how-uefi-will-replace-the-bios/ At any rate, you need to select which OS to boot from within the uefi or bios menu.
legacy boot will not help as both windows and ubuntu are designed not to boot in legacy mode. You can reinstall or configure ubuntu to boot into legacy mode if you wish, but you can sometimes break windows.
At any rate see Installing Ubuntu Alongside a Pre-Installed Windows with UEFI There is a long first answer and at the bottom there is a section troubleshooting
TROUBLESHOOTING
YOUR COMPUTER BOOTS DIRECTLY TO WINDOWS
This is a common problem and if you do not get a GRUB menu , re-installing or repairing grub will NOT HELP
Every bios / uefi interface is different, so we can not tell you exactly how your works. As you boot you may have to hit F9 or F12 to get a "boot menu" which will select which OS to boot. You may have to enter your bios / uefi and select which OS to boot. Look in the location where you selected to boot from the USB.
For example, one on my laptops, I can only switch between OS by hitting F9 as I boot and selecting an OS. Grub will boot Linux, but not windows, and I can not boot Linux when I select windows. There is no option in the bios to select an OS.
So start going through your bios / uefi menu and try to find the boot menu where you select an OS. You may need to update your bios / uefi . You may need to contact your manufacturer.
You can try to run boot-repair - it will give you a url at the end and post the url here, it will give us a lot of additional information and may give an error messages

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sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sda
– Nov 13 '17 at 13:44F12
orF8
to open Boot Menu. There you should find Ubuntu listed – Arpit Agarwal Nov 13 '17 at 23:18