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I am not sure what distro I will use to dual boot with Windows 10, and I am currently trying different operating systems in a virtual machine. However, when I do decide what operating system I will dual boot with Windows 10, I thought about what else I would need to do that. I would need to us Rufus, and I would need a USB. However, I do not have a USB. I do have an external hard drive which connects via USB, and can be used to store the ISO. Is it possible to do the whole dual boot process with an external drive? Or do I have to purchase a USB?

In case you're wondering, this is the drive I have.

Goolag
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  • it can be done from an external drive. it can even be done from the internal drive. – ravery Dec 17 '17 at 21:10
  • But it is a bit difficult to do a full install to the same drive as you boot installer from. Usually you will need to add the toram boot parameter so installer is in RAM. But if any install issues, then you have partitally overwriten installer on external drive and have to start completely over. Most tools used to create installer also erase entire install drive, as it assumes a smaller flash drive. You may not want that. You may be able to do this: UEFI only boot. http://askubuntu.com/questions/395879/how-to-create-uefi-only-bootable-usb-live-media You will end up with a larger ESP. – oldfred Dec 17 '17 at 21:59

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You can install to the drive you boot from and it is not too difficult, see:

Can Ubuntu be installed to the pendrive it was booted from?

It is easier if you buy a flash drive of at least 2GB, (cost should not be more than a buck or two), and make a Live installer using UNetbootin or Rufus

Then you can do a Full install to the external hard drive.

Best to unplug your internal drive before proceeding.

Use "Something else" when partitioning.

If you want your Windows internal drive to be able to see space on the external, leave your first partition as NTFS.

After installation plug in your internal drive, boot the external drive and then update-grub, this should add the internal drive to the external drives grub menu.

In BIOS or UEFI make the external dive the first to boot, now if the external drive is plugged in you get a choice to boot Linux or Windows.

If the external is not plugged Windows will boot.

There is lots of info on doing a Full install to USB at:

How do I install Ubuntu to a USB key? (without using Startup Disk Creator)

One method on that page that might suit you is installing to USB from VBox, no Live USB is required, in brief:

Create a new virtual machine using your Linux choice as the ISO.

When you get to Try/Install choose Try.

Mount your external drive.

Now choose install.

Use something else if you want a Linux/Windows NTFS or FAT32 partition.

Update-grub the first chance you get.

C.S.Cameron
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  • Why is it best to unplug my internal drive? I'm doing this on a laptop and that might be difficult. – pacmaninbw Feb 13 '24 at 15:30
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    @pacmaninbw: I mention this as a safety precaution, (If it ain't there, you can't break it). The VBox method is also safe. – C.S.Cameron Feb 14 '24 at 01:17