An /etc/ file that lists the hosts on a network (/etc/hosts ).
The file; /etc/hosts
Static hostnames are locally defined hostname-to-IP mappings located in this file, and takes precedence over DNS.
related files;
- /etc/hosts.allow
- /etc/hosts.deny
- /etc/resolve.conf (the local dns file)
Recommended reading; https://help.ubuntu.com/10.04/serverguide/C/network-configuration.html - near the bottom, under Name Resolution