When a ping passes a switch, how does the switch know which port to send it to?
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Maybe I misunderstood your question, in that case i apologize in advance. But packets contain in their header many fields, one of which is the destination port. So the switch simply reads that information.

Lazarus Rising
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This is a basic network. I got a question is PC1 ping to PC2. Internal process how it work. – Dikaot Jan 12 '15 at 08:52
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3Packets DO NOT contain a destination SWITCH port in their header. There is such a thing as a destination port in TCP/UDP, but it has no relationship to switch ports. – Gerben Jan 12 '15 at 09:21