Quenya/I-stems

Nouns in -ë with plural on -er

This group only contains four nouns: t#j°$ mallë "street", 7Y1R+ rotsë "pipe", 1Î~CyR tyávë "taste", 1ÎRj°$ tyellë "grade". All nouns have t-duals, no u-duals are possible.

They are declined as follows (we use t#j°$ mallë "street"):

	Singular	Plural		Dual	Partitive Plural
Nominative	t#j°$ mallë	t#j°$6 maller		t#j°$1 mallet	t#j°$j% malleli
Genitive	t#j°$`N mallëo	t#j°$7Y5 malleron		t#j°$1Y malleto	t#j°$j%`N5 mallelion
Possessive	t#j°$yE malleva	t#j°~ByE mallíva		t#j°$1nE malletwa	t#j°$j~ByE mallelíva
Dative	t#j°$5 mallen	t#j°~B5 mallín		t#j°$4 mallent	t#j°$j%5 mallelin
Ablative	t#j°$j°^ mallello	t#j°$j°^5 mallellon	t#j°$j°^6 mallellor	t#j°$j1Y mallelto	t#j°$j%j°^5 mallelillon	t#j°$j%j°^6 mallelillor
Allative	t#j°$5"# mallenna	t#j°$5"#6 mallennar		t#j°$4# mallenta	t#j°$j%5"# mallelinna	t#j°$j%5"#6 mallelinnar
Locative	t#j°$,R mallessë	t#j°$,R5 mallessen		t#j°$1R+ malletsë	t#j°$j%,R mallelissë	t#j°$j%,R5 mallelissen
Instrumental	t#j°$5$5 mallenen	t#j°~B5$5 mallínen		t#j°$4$5 mallenten	t#j°$j~B5$5 mallelínen
Respective	t#j°$8 malles	t#j°~B8 mallís		t#j°$1R8 malletes	t#j°$j%8 mallelis

Nouns in -ë without I-stem

These normal nouns as e.g. .D7R aurë "day" keep this \`V –ë in all cases of the singular and in ablative, allative and locative in the plural. In the other cases of the plural this \`V –ë changes into an \`B –i (we use .D7R aurë "day"):

	Singular	Plural		Dual	Partitive Plural
Nominative	.D7R aurë	.D7T auri		.D7R1 auret	.D7Rj% aureli
Genitive	.D7R`N aurëo	.D7T`N5 aurion		.D7R1Y aureto	.D7Rj^`N5 aurelion
Possessive	.D7RyE aureva	.D7~ByE auríva		.D7R1nE auretwa	.D7j~ByE aurelíva
Dative	.D7R5 auren	.D7~B5 aurín		.D7R4 aurent	.D7Rj%5 aurelin
Ablative	.D7Rj°^ aurello	.D7Rj°^5 aurellon	.D7Rj°^6 aurellor	.D7Rj1Y aurelto	.D7Rj%j°^5 aurelillon	.D7Rj%j°^6 aurelillor
Allative	.D7R5"# aurenna	.D7R5"#6 aurennar		.D7R4# aurenta	.D7Rj%5"# aurelinna	.D7Rj%5"#6 aurelinnar
Locative	.D7R,R auressë	.D7R,R5 auressen		.D7R1R+ auretsë	.D7Rj%,R aurelissë	.D7Rj%,R5 aurelissen
Instrumental	.D7R5$5 aurenen	.D7~B5$5 aurínen		.D7R4$5 aurenten	.D7Rj~B5$5 aurelínen
Respective	.D7R8 aures	.D7~B8 aurís		.D7R1R8 auretes	.D7Rj%8 aurelis

Nouns in -ë with I-stem

These nouns use \`B –i in all cases except the nominative singular (we use qY7R porë, qY7T\ pori- "flour"):

	Singular	Plural		Dual	Partitive Plural
Nominative	qY7R porë	qY7T6 porir		qY7T1 porit	qY7Tj% porili
Genitive	qY7T`N porio	qY7T7Y5 poriron		qY7T1Y porito	qY7Tj%`N5 porilion
Possessive	qY7TyE poriva	qY7~ByE poríva		qY7T1nE poritwa	qY7Tj~ByE porilíva
Dative	qY7T5 porin	qY7~B5 porín		qY7T4 porint	qY7Tj%5 porilin
Ablative	qY7Tj°^ porillo	qY7Tj°^5 porillon	qY7Tj°^6 porillor	qY7Tj1Y porilto	qY7Tj%j^5 porilillon	qY7Tj%j^6 porilillor
Allative	qY7T5"# porinna	qY7T5"#6 porinnar		qY7T4# porinta	qY7Tj%5"# porilinna	qY7Tj%5"#6 porilinnar
Locative	qY7T,R porissë	qY7T,R5 porissen		qY7T1R+ poritsë	qY7Tj%,R porilissë	qY7Tj%,R5 porilissen
Instrumental	qY7T5$5 porinen	qY7~B5$5 porínen		qY7T4$5 porinten	qY7Tj~B5$5 porilínen
Respective	qY7T8 poris	qY7~B8 porís		qY7T1R8 porites	qY7Tj%8 porilis

Some I-stems have a completely irregular nominative singular:

j#qE1;R lapattë, j#qE1T+\ lapatsi- "rabbit"

t#d1R mahtë, t#a|G\ maxi- "hold, grip"

`Nd1R ohtë, `Na|G\ oxi- "egg"

iUd1R suhtë, iUa|G\ suxi- "resin, gum"

A few remarks:

The noun `Vd1R ehtë "spear" can be inflected as an I-stem or as a noun without I-stem.
The noun j%x$ lingwë "fish" has an alternative nominative singular j%5nR linwë. All other cases are formed with the stem j%x%\ lingwi-.
The adjectives in \`V –ë also belong to the I-stems, but one can only notice this when the adjective takes case endings (see Inflected adjectives).

Nouns in -i

These nouns mostly denote female persons or animals (we use lopsi "mare"):

	Singular	Plural		Dual	Partitive Plural
Nominative	j^qT¡ - j^qiG lopsi	j^qiG6 lopsir		j^qiG1 lopsit	j^qiGj% lopsili
Genitive	j^qiG`N lopsio	j^qiG7Y5 lopsiron		j^qiG1Y lopsito	j^qiGj%`N5 lopsilion
Possessive	j^qiGyE lopsiva	j^q8~ByE lopsíva		j^qiG1nE lopsitwa	j^qiGj~ByE lopsilíva
Dative	j^qiG5 lopsin	j^q8~B5 lopsín		j^qiG4 lopsint	j^qiGj%5 lopsilin
Ablative	j^qiGj°^ lopsillo	j^qiGj°^5 lopsillon	j^qiGj°^6 lopsillor	j^qiGj1Y lopsilto	j^qiGj%j°^5 lopsilillon	j^qiGj%j°^6 lopsilillor
Allative	j^qiG5"# lopsinna	j^qiG5"#6 lopsinnar		j^qiG4# lopsinta	j^qiGj%5"# lopsilinnar	j^qiGj%5"#6 lopsilinna
Locative	j^qiG,R lopsissë	j^qiG,R5 lopsissen		j^qiG1R+ lopsitsë	j^qiGj%,R lopsilissë	j^qiGj%,R5 lopsilissen
Instrumental	j^qiG5$5 lopsinen	j^q8~B5$5 lopsínen		j^qiG4$5 lopsinten	j^qiGj~B5$5 lopsilínen
Respective	j^qiG8 lopsis	j^q8~B8 lopsís		j^qiG1R8 lopsites	j^qiGj%8 lopsilis

Nouns in -ië

All nouns have t-duals, no u-duals are possible (we use tië "path"):

	Singular	Plural		Dual	Partitive Plural
Nominative	1T`V tië	1T`V6 tier		1T`V1 tiet	1T~Vj% tiéli
Genitive	1T~V`N tiéo	1T~V7Y5 tiéron		1T~V1Y tiéto	1T`Vj%`N5 tielion
Possessive	1T~VyE tiéva	1~ByE tíva		1T`V1nE tietwa	1T`Vj~ByE tielíva
Dative	1T`V5 tien	1~B5 tín		1T`V4 tient	1T~Vj%5 tiélin
Ablative	1T`Vj°^ tiello	1T`Vj°^5 tiellon	1T`Vj°^6 tiellor	1T`Vj1Y tielto	1T`Vj%j°^5 tielillon	1T`Vj%j°^6 tielillor
Allative	1T`V5"# tienna	1T`V5"#6 tiennar		1T`V4# tienta	1T`Vj%5"# tielinna	1T`Vj%5"#6 tielinnar
Locative	1T`V,R tiessë	1T`V,R5 tiessen		1T`V1R+ tietsë	1T`Vj%,R tielissë	1T`Vj%,R5 tielissen
Instrumental	1T`V5$5 tienen	1~B5$5 tínen		1T`V4$5 tienten	1T`Vj~B5$5 tielínen
Respective	1T`V8 ties	1~B8 tís		1T`V1R8 tietes	1T~Vj%8 tiélis

>> Neo-Quenya >> Nouns >> I-stems

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