< Latin IV
Latin IV/Present subjunctive passive forms
Salvēte omnēs! Welcome back to Latin for Wikiversity. Today we'll practice the passive forms of the present subjunctive. We'll keep things simple by focusing on regular verbs you already know.
New Grammar
To form the passive subjunctive, we use special endings that combine both the subjunctive marker and passive voice. Let's see how this works with a first conjugation verb, "laudō" (praise):
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | lauder | laudēmur |
| 2nd | laudēris | laudēminī |
| 3rd | laudētur | laudentur |
This pattern works for other regular verbs too. Here's "moneō" (warn):
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | monear | moneāmur |
| 2nd | moneāris | moneāminī |
| 3rd | moneātur | moneantur |
New Words
| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| saepe | often | ||
| bene | well | ||
| semper | always |
New Sentences
| Latin | English | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Utinam lauder! | If only I were praised! | Simple wish (1st person) |
| Bene moneāris! | May you be well advised! | Simple wish (2nd person) |
| Puer ā magistrō laudētur! | May the boy be praised by the teacher! | 3rd person with agent |
| Utinam ā parentibus laudēmur! | If only we were praised by our parents! | 1st person plural |
| Discipulī bene moneantur! | May the students be well advised! | 3rd person plural |
| Utinam semper bene ducāmur! | If only we were always led well! | Complex wish with adverbs |
| Ā sapientibus moneāminī! | May you (pl.) be advised by wise people! | 2nd person plural |
| Puerī saepe laudentur! | May the boys often be praised! | With frequency adverb |
| Exercitus bene ducātur! | May the army be well led! | Military context |
| Utinam omnēs discipulī laudentur! | If only all students were praised! | Comprehensive wish |
Practice
| Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson | |
|---|---|
| Step one | First learn the words using this lesson: |
| Step two | Next try learning and writing the sentences using this: |
| Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for all lessons in each stage. If you are skipping previous stages you may need to manually "ignore" the words in previous levels (use the 'select all' function) | |
For our next lesson, we'll see how these passive forms work in more complex sentences. Until then, bene valeātis! (May you all be well!)
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